Sepiwhite™ MSH is an excellent skin lightener and brightener suitable for all skin types and ethnicities that promotes a more uniform and radiant complexion with results in as little as seven days. Studies have demonstrated an increase in skin luminosity and decrease in the number and color of hyperpigmented spots, and it can be combined with other active ingredients, such as niacinamide or AHAs. Sepiwhite™ MSHis a lipoaminoacid or vectorized essential amino acid developed from phenylalanine, an amino acid involved in melanin synthesis. MSH is an alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptor agonist developed from this amino acid that inhibits the process of melanin synthesis from the hypothalamus to produce a reduction in melanic pigments in skin cells. In two studies, 1% Sepiwhite™ MSH was combined with 5% niacinamide in lotion. Volunteers reported a reduction in hyperpigmentation after 8 weeks of usage. In an eight week study using 2% Sepiwhite™ MSH alone, 83% of volunteers reported a more radiant complexion, 73% fewer age spots, 100% lighter age spots, and 100% more even complexion and skin tone. In a seven day study using Sepiwhite™ MSHalone, volunteers reported hyperpigmentation was reduced by 24% and skin luminosity increased by 9% Sepiwhite™ MSH can be combined with a number of other ingredients designed to assist with hyperpigmentation. It can be combined with AHAs to promote a more radiant complexion and more even skin tone. In studies using 0.2% Sepiwhite™ MSH and 2% ascorbyl glucoside, it doubled the lightening action resulting in a 13% decrease in melanin pigments. In a two month study using Sepiwhite™ MSHalone, skin’s luminosity was increased by +1.13 L*, a measure of skin’s brightness. Key Benefits Promotes a more uniform and more radiant complexion Promotes reduction of number and color of age spots Demonstrated effectiveness for all skin types and ethnicities Promotes a more even skin tone Reported visible increases in skin luminosity and brightness ECOcert Preservative free, paraben free phthalate free Readily biodegradable Non-phototoxic Salicylic Acid: Organic beta hydroxy acid (chemical name: 2-hydroxybenzoic acid) prepared as 40% concentrated, ready-to use solution (dissolved in cocamidopropyl dimethylamine). Amber, viscous liquid, odorless. Viscosity 5,000-10,000cps. Water-soluble (gives clear solutions). No crystallization, cold processable. pH Value: 3.0. Benefits: Salicylic acid solution has the same benefits as salicylic acid powder, but it is less irritating Easier to formulate than with salicylic acid powder as there are no dusting or dissolving problems Can be used for skin peels, anti-dandruff products, and in products for oily, acneic and/or blemished skin Grapeseed oil contains linoleic acid and antioxidants. Unlike most oils for the body, grapeseed oil is non-comedogenic, meaning it does not clog pores—so even the most sensitive of skin types can use this oil with abandon. It moisturizes, lightens dark circles, fades scars, tightens skin, prevents sun damage. Grapeseed oil also contains high amounts of omega fatty acids and vitamin E2—the strong antioxidant capacities of grapeseed can help reduce the signs of aging, such as sun spots, fine lines, and wrinkles. The perfect base for our serum. Jojoba oil regulates sebum production because it's so similar to the sebum that your body produces naturally. When you put jojoba oil on your skin, your skin is soothed and moisturized. This sends a signal to your hair and sweat follicles that your skin doesn’t need additional sebum for hydration. This keeps skin from looking oily and helps prevent acne caused by clogged pores. Vitamin E assists in various kinds of cellular restoration from sun damage to healing support for scars or burns. It is an antioxidant so it naturally fights off free radicals on the skin, which are a result of daily environmental stressors like unprotected sun exposure and air pollution. In fighting off free radicals, vitamin E helps protect the skin from damage.Additionally, vitamin E has moisturizing and healing benefits, and helps to strengthen skin barrier function. Vitamin E is also a natural anti-inflammatory, so it can be soothing and help calm the skin, and serves as a moderately effective natural barrier to the sun.